The UK Is Doubling Down on Wind Energy
-The UK is expanding its wind energy capacity, particularly offshore, with the approval of the Rampion 2 project.
-The Rampion 2 expansion will add 1.2 GW of capacity, enough to power around 1 million UK homes.
-The UK government aims to quadruple its offshore wind capacity by 2030 as part of its net-zero carbon goals.

英國(guó)正在加倍投資風(fēng)能
——隨著“風(fēng)鈴草”二期項(xiàng)目的批準(zhǔn)，英國(guó)正在擴(kuò)大其風(fēng)能發(fā)電能力，特別是海上風(fēng)電。
——“風(fēng)鈴草” 二期擴(kuò)建項(xiàng)目將增加1.2吉瓦的容量，足以為大約100萬(wàn)戶英國(guó)家庭供電。
——作為凈零碳排放目標(biāo)的一部分，英國(guó)政府計(jì)劃到2030年將其海上風(fēng)電裝機(jī)容量增加四倍。



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The U.K. is already a world leader in wind energy, having rapidly expanded both its onshore and offshore wind capacity over the last decade. Now, under the new Labour government, the U.K. hopes to expand its wind power sector even further through the massive expansion of the Rampion offshore wind farm. This is expected to help the government progress towards achieving its net-zero carbon ambitions.

英國(guó)在風(fēng)能領(lǐng)域已經(jīng)處于世界領(lǐng)先地位，在過(guò)去十年中迅速擴(kuò)大了其陸上和海上風(fēng)力發(fā)電能力。現(xiàn)在，在新的工黨政府的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，英國(guó)希望通過(guò)大規(guī)模擴(kuò)建“風(fēng)鈴草”海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)來(lái)進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大其風(fēng)力發(fā)電領(lǐng)域。預(yù)計(jì)這將有助于政府實(shí)現(xiàn)其凈零碳排放的目標(biāo)。

In 2023, 46.4 percent of the UK’s electricity was generated using renewable energy sources, of which wind energy contributed 61 percent. Around 39.7 percent of the U.K.’s wind energy is generated onshore and the remaining 60.3 offshore. The U.K. constructed its first commercial onshore wind farm in 1991, generating 1 GW of wind capacity. In 2024, the U.K.’s wind energy capacity increased to 30GW, double that of 2017. The U.K. has 11,906 turbines, with 9,141 onshore and 2,765 offshore, consisting of 10 floating and 2,755 fixed turbines.

2023年，英國(guó)46.4%的電力來(lái)自可再生能源，其中風(fēng)能貢獻(xiàn)了61%。英國(guó)約39.7%的風(fēng)能來(lái)自陸上，其余60.3%來(lái)自海上。英國(guó)在1991年建造了第一個(gè)商業(yè)陸上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)，產(chǎn)生了1吉瓦的風(fēng)力發(fā)電能力。2024年，英國(guó)的風(fēng)能容量增加到30吉瓦，是2017年的兩倍。英國(guó)擁有11906臺(tái)渦輪機(jī)，其中陸上9141臺(tái)，海上2765臺(tái)，包括10臺(tái)浮動(dòng)渦輪機(jī)和2755臺(tái)固定渦輪機(jī)。
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Approximately 32,000 people are employed in the U.K.’s offshore wind industry, a figure that is expected to increase to over 120,000 by 2030. The government also hopes to achieve 60 GW of wind capacity by the end of the decade, which could add as much as $58.5 billion to the economy. By the beginning of 2025, the U.K. had grown its offshore wind energy capacity to become the largest in Europe and second only to China, at 14 GW.

英國(guó)的海上風(fēng)電行業(yè)雇傭了大約3.2萬(wàn)人，到2030年，這一數(shù)字預(yù)計(jì)將增加到12萬(wàn)人以上。政府還希望在本十年末達(dá)到60吉瓦的風(fēng)力發(fā)電能力，這將為經(jīng)濟(jì)增加585億美元。到2025年初，英國(guó)的海上風(fēng)電裝機(jī)容量已達(dá)到14吉瓦，成為歐洲最大的國(guó)家，僅次于中國(guó)。

In early April, the government approved plans to develop Rampion 2, an offshore wind farm with enough energy to power around 1 million U.K. homes. The expansion of the Rampion offshore wind farm, off England’s south coast, would include the addition of 90 turbines to add 1.2 GW of capacity. The project is expected to create 4,000 jobs during the construction phase, which is scheduled to commence in 2026. The government decision on the expansion was expected to be delivered in February but it has been delayed while more information is collected from the project’s developer.

4月初，政府批準(zhǔn)了開(kāi)發(fā)“風(fēng)鈴草”二期計(jì)劃，這是一個(gè)海上風(fēng)力發(fā)電場(chǎng)，其能源足以為大約100萬(wàn)英國(guó)家庭供電。位于英格蘭南海岸的“風(fēng)鈴草”海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的擴(kuò)建將包括增加90臺(tái)渦輪機(jī)，增加1.2吉瓦的容量。該項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃于2026年開(kāi)工，預(yù)計(jì)在建設(shè)階段將創(chuàng)造4000個(gè)就業(yè)崗位。政府關(guān)于擴(kuò)建的決定原定于2月份公布，但由于從項(xiàng)目開(kāi)發(fā)商那里收集了更多信息，該決定被推遲了。

The wind farm is being developed by RWE as the majority shareholder (50.1 percent), a Macquarie-led consortium (25 percent), and Enbridge (24.9 percent). The electricity produced at Rampion will be transported to land via subsea cables. An underground cable will then deliver the power inland to a new substation at Oakendene near Cowfold before connecting it to the national grid at Bolney in Sussex. The wind farm is expected to be operational by the late 2020s.

該風(fēng)電場(chǎng)由大股東德國(guó)萊茵集團(tuán)（占股50.1%）、麥格理集團(tuán)牽頭的財(cái)團(tuán)（占股25%）和安橋（占股24.9%）共同開(kāi)發(fā)。在“風(fēng)鈴草”產(chǎn)生的電力將通過(guò)海底電纜輸送到陸地。然后，一條地下電纜將電力輸送到內(nèi)陸考福爾德附近奧克的一座新變電站，然后將其連接到蘇塞克斯郡博爾尼的國(guó)家電網(wǎng)。該風(fēng)電場(chǎng)預(yù)計(jì)將在本世紀(jì)20年代末投入運(yùn)營(yíng)。

Danielle Lane, the director of offshore wind development U.K. and Ireland at RWE, stated, “We are delighted to receive the development consent order for the proposed Rampion 2 offshore wind farm. This is a key milestone in the development of the project, as Rampion 2 can play an important role in helping secure the U.K.’s energy supplies from our abundant wind resource and play a key role in supporting the U.K. government’s clean power ambitions.”

萊茵集團(tuán)英國(guó)和愛(ài)爾蘭海上風(fēng)電開(kāi)發(fā)總監(jiān)丹尼爾·萊恩表示：“我們很高興收到擬議的‘風(fēng)鈴草’二期海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的開(kāi)發(fā)許可令。這是該項(xiàng)目的一個(gè)重要里程碑，因?yàn)椤L(fēng)鈴草’二期可以在幫助確保英國(guó)豐富的風(fēng)能資源的能源供應(yīng)方面發(fā)揮重要作用，并在支持英國(guó)政府的清潔能源抱負(fù)方面發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用。”
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Since coming into power last July, the Labour government has gone full throttle on the deployment of green energy, with plans to double the U.K.’s onshore wind, triple its solar power, and quadruple its offshore wind power capacity by 2030. It has also announced plans to reduce the contribution of natural gas to the country’s electricity generation to just 5 percent by the end of the decade. Thanks to the development of a more friendly investment environment, in an event in October some of the world’s largest green energy companies pledged to invest almost $31.39 billion across the U.K., demonstrating that greater public investment in the sector is attracting higher levels of private financing.

自去年7月上臺(tái)以來(lái)，工黨政府一直在全力推進(jìn)綠色能源的部署，計(jì)劃到2030年將英國(guó)的陸上風(fēng)能增加一倍，太陽(yáng)能增加兩倍，海上風(fēng)能增加四倍。它還宣布了計(jì)劃，到2020年將天然氣對(duì)該國(guó)發(fā)電的貢獻(xiàn)減少到5%。由于發(fā)展了更加友好的投資環(huán)境，在10月份的一次活動(dòng)中，一些世界上最大的綠色能源公司承諾在英國(guó)投資近313.9億美元，這表明該行業(yè)的公共投資正在吸引更高水平的私人融資。

U.K. Energy Secretary Ed Miliband said, “The U.K. has a boundless supply of wind that cannot be turned on and off at the whims of dictators and petrostates. It’s time to get off the fossil fuel rollercoaster, roll out clean power, protect our energy security and bring down bills for good.” He added, “This project puts us within reach of our clean power offshore wind target,” Miliband said. “Through our plan for change, we’re getting on with delivering the clean energy and jobs Britain needs.”

英國(guó)能源大臣埃德·米利班德表示：“英國(guó)擁有不會(huì)因DC者和石油國(guó)家的一時(shí)興起而關(guān)閉或打開(kāi)的無(wú)限的風(fēng)能供應(yīng)?，F(xiàn)在是時(shí)候擺脫化石燃料的過(guò)山車(chē)，推廣清潔能源，保護(hù)我們的能源安全，永遠(yuǎn)降低賬單了。”米利班德補(bǔ)充說(shuō)：“這個(gè)項(xiàng)目使我們能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)清潔能源的海上風(fēng)電目標(biāo)。通過(guò)我們的變革計(jì)劃，我們將繼續(xù)提供英國(guó)需要的清潔能源和就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)?！?/b>

Last year was a record year for wind energy production, with onshore and offshore projects producing 83 terawatt-hours (TWh) of electricity across Great Britain, an increase from almost 79 TWh in 2023. In around 10 days in December alone, over 50 percent of Britain's electricity production came from wind. However, there are also less windy periods, where energy production is lower. This suggests the need for greater investment in battery storage technology to make the renewable energy source more reliable and help reduce the U.K.’s reliance on fossil fuels during low-production times.

去年是風(fēng)能生產(chǎn)創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的一年，英國(guó)各地的陸上和海上項(xiàng)目發(fā)電量為83太瓦時(shí)，比2023年的近79太瓦時(shí)有所增加。僅在12月的10天左右，英國(guó)50%以上的電力就來(lái)自風(fēng)能。然而，風(fēng)力較少的時(shí)期，能源產(chǎn)量也較低。這表明需要加大對(duì)電池存儲(chǔ)技術(shù)的投資，以使可再生能源更加可靠，并有助于減少英國(guó)在低產(chǎn)時(shí)期對(duì)化石燃料的依賴(lài)。

The U.K. is already a major onshore and offshore producer of wind energy, having developed several projects over the last three decades. The approval of the new Rampion 2 project is expected to put the country on track to achieve its end-of-decade climate goals, by decarbonising its transmission network. This is one of many clean energy projects the Labour government has announced over the last eight months, with the ambitious green transition agenda expected to attract high levels of private funding in the sector.

英國(guó)已經(jīng)是一個(gè)主要的陸上和海上風(fēng)能生產(chǎn)國(guó)，在過(guò)去三十年中開(kāi)發(fā)了幾個(gè)項(xiàng)目。新的“風(fēng)鈴草”二期項(xiàng)目的批準(zhǔn)預(yù)計(jì)將使該國(guó)走上通過(guò)使其輸電網(wǎng)絡(luò)脫碳，實(shí)現(xiàn)其十年后氣候目標(biāo)的軌道。這是工黨政府在過(guò)去八個(gè)月里宣布的眾多清潔能源項(xiàng)目之一，其雄心勃勃的綠色轉(zhuǎn)型議程預(yù)計(jì)將吸引該行業(yè)的大量私人資金。

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