為什么我們沒有“美國制造”的iPhone？
Why We Don’t Have a Made-in-America iPhone | WSJ News
譯文簡介
特朗普總統(tǒng)的關稅旨在將制造業(yè)帶回美國——包括iPhone。華爾街日報的Joanna Stern詳細分析了在美國制造iPhone到底有多困難，以及關稅如何影響你下次購買手機的價格。
正文翻譯
President Trump’s tariffs aim to bring manufacturing back to the U.S.—including iPhones. WSJ’s Joanna Stern breaks down exactly how tough it would be to build iPhones here, and how tariffs could affect the price of your next phone.
特朗普總統(tǒng)的關稅旨在將制造業(yè)帶回美國——包括iPhone。華爾街日報的Joanna Stern詳細分析了在美國制造iPhone到底有多困難，以及關稅如何影響你下次購買手機的價格。
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The Made in China label hiding inside the charging port is brilliant.
隱藏在充電口里的“中國制造”標簽真是絕妙。
You can buy tickets to fly to Hong Kong and purchase a zero-tariff iPhone.
你可以買機票飛到香港（特區(qū)），購買零關稅的iPhone。
We don't have made in America, because Americans can't afford made in America to begin with.
我們沒有“美國制造”，因為美國人根本買不起“美國制造”。
if Gary from Alabama is making an iPhone, there will be some missing screws.
如果阿拉巴馬的Gary在做iPhone，可能會少幾個螺絲。
Literally without Asian countries, America is screwed. Forget tariffs, if today all the Asian countries collectively decide to stop exporting or servicing for America, then how will Americans function? I doubt if they will be able to fulfill all their needs locally or through other countries at a reasonable cheaper price compared to what they get from Asia.
沒有亞洲國家，美國就完蛋了。忘了關稅吧，如果今天所有亞洲國家共同決定停止為美國出口或提供服務，那么美國人將如何運作？我懷疑他們是否能夠在本地或通過其他國家以比從亞洲獲得的更便宜的價格滿足所有需求。
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Who really wants to work in an iPhone factory? If we can't make manufacturing a high-margin, high-tech product like the iPhone profitable in the U.S., then the dream of "Made in America" might just be wishful thinking.
誰真的想在iPhone工廠工作？如果我們無法在美國使制造像iPhone這樣的高利潤、高科技產(chǎn)品盈利，那么“美國制造”的夢想可能只是空想。
She forgot to mention another point: the supply chain. There are thousands of upstream suppliers in the same location (Like Shenzhen, China), and it was a result of decades' development. U.S. has already at full employment. You won't find enough people to work in assembly lines.
她忘了提另一個問題：供應鏈。像中國深圳這樣的地方有成千上萬的上游供應商，這是幾十年發(fā)展積累的結(jié)果。美國已經(jīng)接近充分就業(yè)，你找不到足夠的人來在生產(chǎn)線上工作。
I guarantee there's still ppl Americans that do not know tariffs is a fancy word for IMPORT TAX. Exporting countries don't pay. US importers pays Trump. And knowing importers, they'll pass the extra cost to you, the CONSUMERS.
我敢保證仍然有一些美國人不知道“關稅”只是“進口稅”的高級說法。出口國不需要支付，進口商需要支付給特朗普。而且，了解進口商的人都知道，他們會把額外的費用轉(zhuǎn)嫁給你們，消費者。
It is just sad that a video like this is needed to explain basic trade. This is something you show to kids.
真的很遺憾，像這樣的視頻需要用來解釋基本的貿(mào)易知識。這應該是給孩子們看的。
I have a strong technical manufacturing background. 15 years ago, I took apart an iPhone 4, never again.
我有強大的技術制造背景，15年前我拆解過一部iPhone 4，再也不想做了。
Is that really what they want? A population of100 billionaires and 330 million minimum wage workers? That sounds absolutely great to me. I am from Europe
他們真想要這個嗎？一群100個億萬富翁和3.3億最低工資工人的社會？聽起來簡直太棒了，我來自歐洲。
German manufacturers, who wants to produce in the US, does not even found workers skilled enough to produce high quality stuff.
So, it′s a dead end.
那些想要在美國生產(chǎn)的德國制造商，甚至找不到足夠有技術的工人來生產(chǎn)高質(zhì)量的東西。所以，這是一條死路。
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When asked how Fascism starts, Bertrand Russell once said: "First, they fascinate the fools. Then, they muzzle the intelligent."
當有人問法西斯主義是怎么開始的時，伯特蘭·羅素曾說過：“首先，他們迷惑傻子。然后，他們封鎖聰明人?！?/b>
No one is going to sit around making $5 dollars a day building iPhone in the US. We are all very obese and dumb.
沒有人會坐在那兒，每天拿5美元在美國造iPhone。我們都非常胖又愚蠢。
Impossible. This will take decades, you think some backwoods trump supporter can be a robot repairman?
不可能。這將需要幾十年，你認為一些偏遠地區(qū)的特朗普支持者能成為機器人維修工嗎？
Nokia made a number of phones in Texas in the 90s and early oughts. Management never consulted with the assembly line workers about quality issues. They eventually shut down their Texas factory and moved it to Reynosa, Mexico.
諾基亞在90年代和2000年代初期在德克薩斯州制造了一些手機。管理層從未與裝配線工人商討過質(zhì)量問題。最終，他們關閉了德克薩斯工廠，將生產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移到墨西哥的雷諾薩。
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This right here is the problem with America, they talk too much!
這就是美國的問題，他們說得太多了！
In 1982 there were repair shops in my town. Repair shops for electronics, appliances, etc. Today, there are zero such shops. Because these items are so cheap, nobody repairs them. People just throw them away which clogs our landfills, and buy new ones. No more.
1982年時，我所在的城市有很多修理店。電子產(chǎn)品、電器等都有修理店。今天，已經(jīng)沒有這些店了。因為這些物品變得非常便宜，沒有人修理它們。人們只會把它們?nèi)拥?，導致垃圾填埋場堆滿，接著購買新的。再也沒有了。
I switched to the Samsung S lineup years ago and I don't regret it for one minute.
我多年前換成了三星S系列手機，我一點都不后悔。
It’s probably cheaper to buy Apple products in Canada and then travel back during the weekend.
可能在加拿大買蘋果產(chǎn)品再周末回來更便宜。
Indians before trump : tariffs bro buy iPhone for me from America
Now American : bro buy me iPhone from india when u visit
特朗普之前的印度人：關稅兄弟，從美國給我買iPhone
現(xiàn)在的美國人：兄弟，來印度的時候幫我買iPhone
Republican before- Democrats are squeezing our wallet with Taxes....
Trump- I can fix that... Let's call it Tariff so we can say there's no extra tax
共和黨以前——民主黨通過稅收壓榨我們的錢包……
特朗普——我可以解決這個問題……我們叫它關稅，這樣就可以說沒有額外的稅收。
You had people at Starbucks on strike asking for more money just to pour coffee on a cup,imagine how much people would want to make iPhones?
你看到過星巴克的員工罷工要求漲薪，只是為了倒咖啡到杯子里，想象一下人們?yōu)榱酥圃靑Phone會想要多少錢？
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Trump is a moron. I'm all for bringing manufacturing jobs back to America, this ain't it. It'll take DECADES for Americans to learn the KNOW HOW, expertise, skills. Until then, America will long go bankrupt. Save your $$$, it is going to be a tough 2025 and beyond.
特朗普是個傻子。我支持把制造業(yè)工作帶回美國，但這不是辦法。美國人要學習相關技術、專業(yè)知識和技能需要幾十年。到那時，美國早就破產(chǎn)了。省著點錢吧，2025年及以后會很艱難。
The difference is,.. it takes 3 staffs to assemble a tiny screw here in the U.S while another 5 supervisors are watching over them…
區(qū)別在于……在美國，組裝一個小螺絲需要三個人，而另外五個主管在看著他們……
It’s about keeping the price up, which will never come down. Then they’ll introduce a subscxtion model on everything.
這就是保持價格不降，價格永遠不會下來。然后他們會在所有產(chǎn)品上引入訂閱模式。
Unless the American labor force is willing to accept lower pay just to keep the price stable, I doubt that’s gonna happen
除非美國勞動力愿意接受更低的薪資來保持價格穩(wěn)定，否則我懷疑這會發(fā)生。
$1649 if they increase only by hardware cost. And for every $1 of inflation it will increase by $2+, with a new iPhone due this year it is probably realistic to think Apple may well double their basic costs, so $999 becomes $1998, not a surprise.
如果只是硬件成本上漲，價格會是$1649。而每增加1美元的通貨膨脹，價格會增加2美元以上，考慮到今年有新iPhone發(fā)布，可能現(xiàn)實的情況是蘋果會把基礎成本翻倍，所以$999變成$1998，完全不意外。
To the rest of the world: Ditch your iPhone, park American cars... divert from all US products and you'll just be fine. America is a sinking ship.. save yourself.
告訴全世界：拋棄你的iPhone，停開美國車... 遠離所有美國產(chǎn)品，你會過得很好。美國是沉沒的船... 保護自己。
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If you're an anime figure collecting nerd like me, you would already know this. Figures made in Japan are worse in quality than those from China. Japanese companies like Good Smile wanted to do the production in Japan for years, but you just can't match the craftsmanship that needs to be done by human hand in massive quantities.
如果你像我一樣是一個動漫手辦收藏迷，你應該知道這一點。日本制造的手辦質(zhì)量比中國的差。像Good Smile這樣的日本公司多年來一直想在日本生產(chǎn)，但你就是無法匹配那種需要大量人工完成的工藝。
If apple made iPhones here in America, the price is gonna go up. For 1, they gonna have to pay American employees more. For 2, they gonna have to pay for insurance for American employees. In other words, its gonna cost apple more money here in America.
如果蘋果在美國制造iPhone，價格肯定會漲。首先，他們需要支付更多的美國員工工資。其次，他們需要為美國員工支付保險。換句話說，在美國制造會花費蘋果更多的錢。
"made in Amurica" ain't exactly a sign of quality and icraps are so overrated it's ridiculous.
“美國制造”并不一定是質(zhì)量的象征，而iPhone真的是被過度吹捧，簡直荒謬。
Many components are made outside of the US and cheap labor too! If you make iPhone in there, the price will be higher than other competitors!!!
許多零部件是在美國以外的地方制造的，而且也有廉價勞動力！如果你在美國制造iPhone，價格會比其他競爭對手高！
It is not just tarriffs, but also labor fees are way higher in US. This would cost more billions of for a simple assembly and manufacture when it could be done in a way lower price. Even a simple jeans cost literally 10x higher for the product made in USA compare to made in China for the same material and quality. It is always citizens and consumers that needs to pay a price for the things that leaders do.
不僅是關稅，勞動力費用在美國也高得多。這樣會讓簡單的組裝和生產(chǎn)成本增加數(shù)十億美元，而這些事情本可以以更低的價格在其他地方完成。甚至一條普通的牛仔褲，在美國生產(chǎn)的成本幾乎是中國制造的10倍。最終，受害者總是普通市民和消費者，因為他們需要為領導們的決策買單。
"When a democracy is sick, fascism comes to its bedside, but it is not to inquire about its health."
“當一個民主國家生病時，法西斯主義會來到它的床前，但它不是來詢問它的健康狀況?！?/b>
Why you worried about new iphones getting more expensive? Why not talk about essentials getting more expensive? What about medical equipment? What about medicine? Food?
你為什么擔心新款iPhone變得更貴？為什么不談談生活必需品變貴的問題？醫(yī)療設備呢？藥品呢？食物呢？
3 to 5 years to train an ARMY of people, build factories, organize the logistics, etc.
Sure, "specialist", LOL
需要3到5年時間來訓練一支人軍，建立工廠，組織物流等等。真是“專家”，哈哈。
Great tariff result - Apple is shifting iPhone manufacturing out of China - to India.
關稅效果顯著——蘋果正在將iPhone的生產(chǎn)從中國轉(zhuǎn)移到印度。
WSJ, we understand this stuff already. Go explain it to your colleagues at foxnews who are telling everyone tariffs are great and are pretending the markets aren't crashing. Your owners created this monster and you profit from all of it. Quit the pseudo financial intellectual charade.
《華爾街日報》，我們已經(jīng)明白這些事情了。去跟你們Fox News的同事講講吧，他們告訴大家關稅很好，并假裝市場沒有崩潰。你們的老板制造了這個怪物，而你們從中獲利。別再玩這種偽金融知識的把戲了。
American are very skillful at going through fast food ordering !
美國人在快速點餐方面非常擅長！
I'm favoured financially with Bitcoin ETFs approval, Thank you buddy.$28,600 weekly profit regardless of how bad it gets on the economy.
我通過比特幣ETF的批準，在經(jīng)濟狀況再糟糕的情況下，每周賺28,600美元，謝謝你，朋友。
It is not only the assembly. You have to make all parts for an iPhone yourself?! You have to make first production line for the chips, dram, flash memory, display, pcb, mlcc, connectors, batteries etc. For the production those components You need other factories etc. In other words, You need decades to build all factories, production lines and to have qualified workers. Good luck Mr. Trump.
不僅僅是組裝。你還需要自己生產(chǎn)iPhone的所有零部件？！你必須先建立芯片、DRAM、閃存、顯示器、PCB、MLCC、電池等的生產(chǎn)線。為了生產(chǎn)這些零部件，你需要其他工廠等等。換句話說，你需要幾十年時間來建設所有工廠、生產(chǎn)線，并培養(yǎng)合格的工人。祝你好運，特朗普先生。
The US manufactured Fender guitars and Mexican or even Japanese manufactured ones , to get a single unit of The US made ones will definitely burn your pockets than the latter . Though the guitar markets aren't the same as iPhone market , you know you'll have to shell out premium cash once you get the tag MADE IN USA .
美國生產(chǎn)的Fender吉他和墨西哥或日本生產(chǎn)的吉他相比，美國生產(chǎn)的那一款肯定會讓你的錢包大出血。雖然吉他市場和iPhone市場不完全一樣，但你知道，一旦貼上“美國制造”的標簽，你必須準備好支付高額的費用。
The Democrat way of thinking. It is quite hilarious and somewhat pitiful to be honest.
這是民主黨思維方式。說實話，既搞笑又有些可悲。
This is theoretical knowledge, but you lack the ability to hold a screwdriver. We will not talk about the application of mathematical formulas now.
這只是理論知識，但你連一把螺絲刀都拿不穩(wěn)。我們現(xiàn)在不談數(shù)學公式的應用。
I think Americans should learn on how to handle little screws. It is not very hard to do.
我覺得美國人應該學會怎么處理小螺絲。其實并不難。
125% today. Insane. Hold on to what you've got. Get the best case you can and protect that thing. A $2000+ iPhone.
No way Apple is eating the cost.
今天漲了125%。太瘋狂了。抓緊你手里的東西。盡量保護好它。2000美元以上的iPhone，蘋果不可能承擔這個成本。
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I own a sewing factory in Los Angeles and my employees are getting paid minimum wage.. they can sew an iPhone together
我在洛杉磯擁有一家縫紉廠，我的員工拿最低工資……他們可以把iPhone縫制好。
Apple pays Foxconn 10 bucks for assembling an iPhone. You're welcome to compete.
蘋果給富士康組裝一部iPhone支付10美元。你可以來競爭。
They also have a healthcare that's tremendously lower the min wage. If you want to talk about manufacturer and labor in the USA you need to fix healtcare first.
他們的醫(yī)療保健成本低于最低工資。如果你想談論美國的制造業(yè)和勞動力，首先得解決醫(yī)療保健問題。
You missed the perspective of production cost in Indian.
你忽略了印度的生產(chǎn)成本視角。
As a Chinese parent, I never thought I’d get the chance to say this to my kid — if you don’t start taking your studies seriously, you’re gonna end up just like those factory workers in the video, tightening screws on an assembly line in the U.S. Congrats, that’s your big American dream.
作為一個中國家長，我從沒想到我會對孩子說——如果你不開始認真學習，你就會像視頻里那些工廠工人一樣，在美國的生產(chǎn)線做著緊固螺絲的工作。恭喜你，這就是你的美國夢
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Vivek Ramaswami, Elon Musk and Donald Trump have already expressed their interest in bringing the Chinese and Indian workforces to America. They want to give Chinese apple employees H1B1s and have the American workforce picking corn for ethanol.
Vivek Ramaswami、Elon Musk 和 Donald Trump 已經(jīng)表達了將中國和印度勞動力帶到美國的興趣。他們想給中國蘋果員工發(fā)放H1B1簽證，并讓美國勞動力去種玉米做乙醇。
It wasn't long ago Motora built cell phones in Texas. Democrats and Republicans would need to agree on a 20 year tarrif/trade plan and convince us they will stick to it for the needed investments to be made. Automation will take time, more than the 2 year voting cycle.
不久前，摩托羅拉還在德克薩斯州制造手機。民主黨和共和黨需要就一個20年的關稅/貿(mào)易計劃達成一致，并說服我們他們會堅持這個計劃，這樣才能進行所需的投資。自動化需要時間，比2年的選舉周期還要長。
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Expertise?? That's not your problem yet, you have to convince Americans to try that kind of job first..
專業(yè)知識？？這不是你現(xiàn)在的問題，你得先說服美國人去做那種工作。
“Not any time soon”…? “3 - 5 years” is soon enough in the context of reversing 50+ years of wrong-headed policy.
“很快不會發(fā)生”？在逆轉(zhuǎn)50多年錯誤政策的背景下，“3到5年”已經(jīng)足夠快了。
Maybe we will get products that last longer. Unfortunate problem with making products in low cost countries, is that there’s a buy and throw culture now. There are a lot of people still running around with iPhone 10’s and they still work pretty fine. No reason we cant have phones that work for greater than five years.
也許我們會得到更耐用的產(chǎn)品。一個不幸的問題是，在低成本國家制造的產(chǎn)品，造成了“買了就丟”的文化?，F(xiàn)在很多人還在用iPhone 10，它們?nèi)匀缓芎糜?。沒有理由我們不能制造使用超過五年的手機。
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I HATE TRUMP，Products that will be made in AMERICA IF manufacturing moves back here WILL BE AT LEAST THREE TIMES MORE EXPENSIVE.
我討厭特朗普，假如制造業(yè)回到美國，產(chǎn)品至少會貴三倍。
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It’s now 125% , we may see more made in Vietnam, made in Mexico, made in India sold products but not made in USA.
現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)漲到125%，我們可能會看到更多“越南制造”、“墨西哥制造”、“印度制造”的產(chǎn)品出售，而不是“美國制造”。
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We dont have an American Made IPhone because, alas, we have child labor laws that keep us from paying children with tiny hands to screw in those tiny screws for $1 an hour.
我們沒有美國制造的iPhone，因為，唉，我們有兒童勞工法，這讓我們不能雇傭小孩用小手為$1一個小時去擰那些小螺絲。
If America can build an iPhone factory and produce, why wait for the tariffs?
如果美國能夠建造iPhone工廠并生產(chǎn)，那為什么還要等關稅呢？
I live in Bulgaria, and iPhones here were always more expensive than the US. I wonder if the price will remain the same now, since in our country, as part of the EU, the tariffs haven't changed. But who knows, since it's a product of an American company, imported from China, let's see.
我住在保加利亞，iPhone在這里一直比美國貴。我在想現(xiàn)在價格是否會保持不變，因為我們國家作為歐盟成員，關稅沒有變化。但誰知道呢，畢竟它是美國公司的產(chǎn)品，從中國進口的，看看吧。
Iphones are not made in America because Apple just has to have high profit margins. So they have these phones produced where cheap labor is to make all that money.
iPhone沒有在美國制造，因為蘋果公司必須保持高利潤率。所以他們把這些手機生產(chǎn)在勞動成本低的地方，以賺取更多的錢。
TARIFFISM: Trump is A TARIFFIST. The question one must ask "ARE YOU A TARIFFIST?
關稅主義：特朗普是個關稅主義者。我們必須問的問題是：“你是關稅主義者嗎？”
Is not the skill, is the CEO’s making more money when they hire cheaper labor. China got the skills from practice, I can practice and be as good as a Chinese worker
問題不在于技能，而在于CEO通過雇傭便宜勞動力賺更多的錢。中國通過實踐獲得了技能，我也可以通過練習，和中國工人一樣好。
YES you should have certainly, if you can match the price, volume and salary compensation like China and India. With the big fat unjustified salaries compliying with tha labour laws for all the benefits if it is possible, then I strongly advocate to be every Iphone Made In USA. World will prefer it.
是的，如果你能像中國和印度一樣匹配價格、產(chǎn)量和薪酬待遇，且符合所有勞動法的福利，那我強烈支持每部iPhone都在美國制造。全球都會更傾向于它。
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Forgot the part about the nets they have outside the factory windows to catch all the workers jumping out towards their intentional demise
忘了提外面工廠窗戶上的網(wǎng)子，用來接住所有跳出去自殺的工人。
The idea is to move maximum of manufacturing to countries like India , vietnam and Indonesia. Meanwhile , the U.S govt. can teach the workers the required skillsets in the factories. And when you're ready its time to take over some of the production. This also applies to items other than an iphone.
這個想法是將盡可能多的制造業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移到印度、越南和印尼等國家。與此同時，美國政府可以在工廠教授工人所需的技能。當工人準備好了，就可以開始接管部分生產(chǎn)。這也適用于iPhone以外的其他物品。
Google tried with the Motorola purchase to have Motorola built in Texas usa. However it was too expensive and they just sold the company to a Taiwanese company went up making it overseas now.
谷歌曾試圖通過收購摩托羅拉在美國德州生產(chǎn)摩托羅拉手機。然而，這成本太高，最后他們將公司賣給了一家臺灣（地區(qū)）公司，現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)生產(chǎn)都在海外進行。
I read somewhere that Iphone 16 pro max 512 made 100% in US today with tarrifs will cost in the end 2160$ for sale!Nobody will buy this when your competition sold the same specs at half the price!
我曾看到有消息說，iPhone 16 Pro Max 512GB款現(xiàn)在100%在美國制造，考慮到關稅，售價最終可能會達到2160美元！如果競爭對手以一半的價格售賣同樣配置的手機，沒人會買的！
Wonder if Americans would be willing to pay more for the sake of having American made goods when the issue at hand is high cost of living?
不知道美國人是否愿意為購買美國制造的商品支付更高的價格，尤其在目前生活成本很高的情況下？
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Quite honestly, I don’t want a more expensive iPhone that may end up being a lemon when I can get a cheaper one that I have no issues with. I’ve been using iPhones and iPads exclusively for 14 years.
說實話，我不想要一款更貴的iPhone，萬一它是個劣質(zhì)品，而我可以買到便宜的手機，沒有任何問題。我已經(jīng)使用iPhone和iPad14年了。
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If they're gonna automate those jobs, no significant job increase of their citizens then.
如果他們要自動化這些工作，那就不會對美國公民創(chuàng)造顯著的就業(yè)機會了。
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I see the problem in the rest of the Planet we use android, the phone does the same thing at a cheaper price
我看到的全球問題是，我們使用的是安卓系統(tǒng)，手機做的事情差不多，但價格更便宜。
There was a time my old job involved making custom phones for Sprint, T-mobile, and Verizon. Now everything is brand.
曾經(jīng)我的舊工作是為Sprint、T-mobile和Verizon定制手機?，F(xiàn)在一切都變成了品牌手機。
If iphone makes in USA, the price will be double because of high labor in usa.
如果iPhone在美國制造，價格可能會翻倍，因為美國的勞動力成本太高。
how about we create a iphone work visa program with special exception to minimum wage laws. do you think china workers will be willing to come to US to work on them?
我們是不是可以創(chuàng)建一個iPhone工作簽證計劃，特別例外于最低工資法？你覺得中國工人會愿意來美國為他們工作嗎？
dude automation in China is way more developed than US leaders seem to realize...
伙計，中國的自動化水平比美國領導人似乎意識到的要先進得多...
None of this can happen overnight, but I truly believe iPhones can be built in factories in U.S.A. Using a fully automated process where not a single person has to build any of it.
Samsung does this with their phones in Korea. They don’t use people to hand build their phones.
I believe this can be done by Apple but it would take a commitment and many, many years to get this up and running.
這些都不可能一夜之間發(fā)生，但我真心相信iPhone可以在美國的工廠里制造。采用完全自動化的過程，完全不需要人手來制造任何部分。三星在韓國就是這么做的。他們不使用人工來手工組裝手機。我相信蘋果公司也能做到，但這需要承諾，并且需要很多很多年才能完成這一過程。