拜登叫停日鐵并購美鋼，日本怒批“美國自以為是讓人難以容忍”

Biden blocks Japan's Nippon Steel from buying US Steel

2025-01-09 chinawungbo2 5905 20 7 收藏糾錯(cuò)&舉報(bào)

譯文簡介

拜登叫停日鐵并購美鋼。

正文翻譯

US President Joe Biden has blocked the takeover of US Steel by a bigger Japanese firm, delivering on a political promise despite fears the move could hurt Washington's relations with Tokyo and scare off other foreign investors.

美國總統(tǒng)拜登阻止了美國鋼鐵公司被一家規(guī)模更大的日本公司收購，從而兌現(xiàn)他的一項(xiàng)政治承諾，但人們擔(dān)心此舉可能會(huì)損害華盛頓與東京的關(guān)系，嚇跑其他外國投資者。

Biden cited threats to national security in rejecting the Nippon Steel purchase, saying US ownership was important to keeping the US steel industry and its supply chains strong.

拜登以國家安全受到威脅為由拒絕了新日鐵的收購，他表示為了保持美國鋼鐵行業(yè)及其供應(yīng)鏈的強(qiáng)大，公司所有權(quán)歸美國所有非常重要。

His intervention follows pressure from the United Steelworkers unx, which had opposed a transaction that was a sensitive political issue in the 2024 US presidential campaign.

他是在美國鋼鐵工人聯(lián)合會(huì)的壓力下介入的，該工會(huì)曾反對這筆交易。在2024年的美國總統(tǒng)競選中，該交易成為一個(gè)敏感的政治問題。

The Japanese government has called Biden's decision "incomprehensible".

日本政府聲稱拜登的決定“令人費(fèi)解”。

Nippon Steel and US Steel said Biden's decision showed the review of the deal had been "corrupted" for political gain.

新日鐵和美國鋼鐵表示，拜登的決定表明，該交易的審查因政治利益而“徇私舞弊”。

The two companies, which had previously threatened to sue the government if the deal did not happen, on Friday said they would take "appropriate action to protect their legal rights".

兩家公司在周五表示，他們將采取“適當(dāng)行動(dòng)來保護(hù)自己的合法權(quán)利”。他們曾揚(yáng)言如果交易未能達(dá)成，他們將會(huì)起訴政府。
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"We believe that President Biden has sacrificed the future of American steelworkers for his own political agenda," the companies said in a statement, adding that the move sent "a chilling message to any company based in a US allied country contemplating significant investment in the United States".

兩家公司在一份聲明中表示：“我們認(rèn)為，拜登總統(tǒng)為了達(dá)到自己的政治目的，犧牲了美國鋼鐵工人的未來”，并表示此舉“向所有總部位于美國盟國、打算大舉投資美國的企業(yè)發(fā)出了令人心寒的信號(hào)”。

Japanese officials also said they were disappointed by the decision.

日本官員也表示，他們對拜登的這一決定感到失望。

"There are strong concerns from the economic circles of both Japan and the US, and especially from Japanese industry regarding future investments between Japan and the US, and the Japanese government has no choice but to take this matter seriously," Japanese industry and trade minister Yoji Muto said in a statement to Reuters.

日本經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)業(yè)大臣武藤容治在發(fā)給路透社的一份聲明中表示：“日美兩國經(jīng)濟(jì)界對此深感擔(dān)憂，尤其是關(guān)系到日美之間未來投資的日本業(yè)界。日本政府對此別無選擇，只能嚴(yán)肅對待此事”。

Biden's decision comes a year after Nippon Steel first announced the $14.9bn (￡12bn) deal to buy its smaller Pennsylvania-based rival.

在拜登做出決定的前一年，新日鐵首次宣布以149億美元（120億英鎊）的價(jià)格收購規(guī)模較小、總部位于賓夕法尼亞州的競爭對手。

It raises significant questions about the path forward for the company, a 124-year-old name that was once a symbol of American industrial might but is now much diminished.

這引發(fā)了該公司何去何從的重大問題。這家擁有124年歷史的老牌企業(yè)，曾經(jīng)是美國工業(yè)實(shí)力的象征，但現(xiàn)在大大衰落了。

It spent months looking for a buyer before announcing the tie-up with Nippon Steel, the world's fourth largest steelmaker, in December 2023.

該公司花了數(shù)月時(shí)間尋找買家，后來在2023年12月宣布與全球第四大鋼鐵制造商新日鐵合作。

US Steel has warned that it might have to close factories without the investment that would come with a new owner, concerns that had been echoed by some workers and local politicians.

美國鋼鐵公司警告說，如果沒有新東家的投資，公司可能被迫倒閉，一些工人和當(dāng)?shù)卣缛耸恳脖磉_(dá)了同樣的擔(dān)憂。
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The two companies had pledged not to cut jobs and made other concessions in an effort to win support for the deal. Just this week, they offered to fund a workforce training centre - and reportedly give the government the right to veto potential production cuts.

兩家公司為了這筆交易贏得支持，做出不裁員的承諾和其他方面的讓步。就在本周，他們提出資助一個(gè)勞動(dòng)力培訓(xùn)中心的計(jì)劃，據(jù)說還賦予政府否決潛在減產(chǎn)的權(quán)利。
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But the arguments failed to convince Biden, who had come out in opposition to the deal early last year, as election season heated up and with the key swing state of Pennsylvania poised to play a key role.

但這些提議未能說服拜登，他曾在去年初公開反對這筆交易，當(dāng)時(shí)選舉季愈發(fā)激烈，關(guān)鍵的搖擺州賓夕法尼亞州勢必發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用。

The transaction was also criticised by President-elect Donald Trump and the incoming vice-president, JD Vance, whose appeals to unx workers formed a big part of their campaign message.

這一交易還受到候任總統(tǒng)特朗普和候任副總統(tǒng)萬斯的批評，他們對工會(huì)工人的呼吁構(gòu)成了競選理念的重要組成部分。

The US government panel charged with reviewing the deal for national security risks failed to reach a consensus by late December, leaving the decision to Biden, who was required to act within a 15-day deadline.

截至12月底，負(fù)責(zé)審查該交易是否構(gòu)成國家安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的美國政府小組未能達(dá)成共識(shí)，于是將決定權(quán)交給了拜登，要求他在15日內(nèi)采取行動(dòng)。

In his announcement on Friday he said foreign ownership presented a risk and ordered the companies to abandon the deal within 30 days.

他在周五的聲明中稱，外資所有權(quán)會(huì)對國家安全構(gòu)成風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，并勒令兩家公司在30日內(nèi)取消該交易。
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"A strong domestically owned and operated steel industry represents an essential national security priority and is critical for resilient supply chains," he said.

他說：“由國內(nèi)控股和經(jīng)營的強(qiáng)大鋼鐵行業(yè)是國家安全的重中之重，對于彈性供應(yīng)鏈至關(guān)重要”。

"That is because steel powers our country: our infrastructure, our auto industry, and our defence industrial base. Without domestic steel production and domestic steel workers, our nation is less strong and less secure."

“這是因?yàn)殇撹F是我們國家的支柱，支撐著我們的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、汽車工業(yè)、國防工業(yè)基礎(chǔ)。如果沒有自己的鋼鐵生產(chǎn)和鋼鐵工人，我們國家就會(huì)變得不再強(qiáng)大，不再安全”。

The United Steelworkers unx called the decision the "right move for our members and our national security", saying its opposition had been driven by concerns about the long-term viability of its industry.

美國鋼鐵工人聯(lián)合會(huì)稱，這一決定“是關(guān)乎我們工會(huì)成員和國家安全的正確之舉”，并表示工會(huì)反對這一交易是出于對鋼鐵行業(yè)長遠(yuǎn)生存能力的擔(dān)憂。

"We're grateful for President Biden's willingness to take bold action to maintain a strong domestic steel industry and for his lifelong commitment to American workers," President David McCall said.

美國鋼鐵工人聯(lián)合會(huì)主席戴維·麥考爾表示：“我們感謝拜登總統(tǒng)為保證國內(nèi)鋼鐵行業(yè)的強(qiáng)大而采取的果敢行動(dòng)，也感謝他對美國工人做出的終生承諾”。
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Prof Stephen Nagy, of the Department of Politics International Studies at the International Christian University in Tokyo, called Biden's decision "political", noting that the administration from its start promised a foreign policy "for the middle class".

東京國際基督教大學(xué)政治國際研究系的斯蒂芬·納吉教授稱，拜登做的是“政治性”決定，并指出拜登政府從一開始就承諾過制定“有利于中產(chǎn)階級(jí)”的外交政策。

"This was a direct response and continuation of the Trump MAGA agenda of Making America Great Again," he said. "The Biden administration couldn't appear weak on foreign businesses, whether it's an ally or adversary."

他說：“這是對特朗普‘讓美國再次偉大’目標(biāo)的直接回應(yīng)和延續(xù)”。“拜登政府在外企面前不能顯得軟弱，無論是盟友還是對手”。

White House spokesperson John Kirby dismissed suggestions the move could damage American relationships with allies, saying Biden had made clear the decision was not "about Japan",

白宮發(fā)言人約翰·柯比駁斥了此舉可能損害美國與盟友關(guān)系的說法，并表示拜登已澄清這一決定不是“針對日本”。

"This is about US steel-making and keeping one of the largest steel producers in the United States an American-owned company," he said at a press conference.

他在新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上表示：“這是為了美國的鋼鐵生產(chǎn)，使美國最大的鋼鐵生產(chǎn)商之一作為美國企業(yè)存在下去”。

Shares in US Steel fell more than 5% on Friday.

周五，美國鋼鐵公司的股價(jià)下跌超過5%。

But analysts said the move might not mark the end of the deal. Biden's order says the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States can extend the 30-day deadline to scrap the transaction.

但分析師指出，此舉可能并不等于交易的終結(jié)。根據(jù)拜登的命令，美國外國投資委員會(huì)可以將30日內(nèi)取消該交易的期限延長。

Prof Nagy said he thought the companies could decide to try again under Trump, potentially offering different terms that would allow the new president to claim he had negotiated a better deal.

納吉教授表示，他認(rèn)為兩家公司可能在特朗普上臺(tái)后再次嘗試交易，也許會(huì)提出不一樣的條件，這樣新總統(tǒng)可以聲稱他通過談判達(dá)成了更好的交易。

Political analyst Terry Haines of Pangaea Policy also said Trump, despite his criticism of the deal, might have reason to revisit the decision.

預(yù)測公司Pangaea Policy的政治分析師特里·海恩斯也表示，盡管特朗普批評該交易，但他可能有理由重新考慮這一決定。

"One of the things that's difficult about this decision is that Japan is a very close US ally," he said. "The government's got frankly a big evidentiary burden in order to justify what they're doing today - and it hurts bilateral relations with Japan, something Trump will want to avoid."

“這一決定的棘手之處在于日本是美國的親密盟友”，他說道?！罢f實(shí)在的，為了證明他們現(xiàn)在的決定是對的，美國政府背負(fù)著巨大的舉證責(zé)任，而且這一決定會(huì)損害美國與日本的關(guān)系，這不是特朗普想要的結(jié)果”。

評論翻譯

@MrHorse-by3mp
This is not about national security. This is pure nostalgia for the days of America's industrial supremacy. United States Steel was once one of the largest companies in the world and its headquarters, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was the cauldron of America's heavy industry. Once but long ago. US Steel has atrophied for decades, culminating in its humiliating de-listing from the S&P 500. It is less than a shadow of its former self. The deal with Nippon Steel was the last chance for this decrepit dinosaur of a company.

這一決定與國家安全無關(guān)，完全是為了重溫美國工業(yè)霸權(quán)時(shí)代的舊夢。美國鋼鐵公司曾經(jīng)是全球最大的企業(yè)之一，公司總部位于賓夕法尼亞州匹茲堡，那里曾經(jīng)是美國重工業(yè)的發(fā)源地。但時(shí)過境遷，美國鋼鐵公司在衰退了數(shù)十年后，顏面盡失地退出了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)。昔日的榮光不復(fù)存在，對于這家衰敗的老古董企業(yè)來說，與新日鐵達(dá)成交易是最后的機(jī)會(huì)。
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@Theproteinman
Actually this is a national security issue if US steel is bought by Nippon Steel the Japanese can not only shut down American steel mills but Japan could deny us Americans the steel we need to build guns, tanks, planes, and war ships for our military. US steel needs to remain in American control we can not allow the Japanese to cut us off from being able to get the steel needed to build weapons for the American military industrial complex.

這其實(shí)關(guān)乎國家安全，如果美國鋼鐵被新日鐵收購，日本不僅可以關(guān)閉美國鋼鐵廠，還可以拒絕向美國供應(yīng)鋼鐵，而我們?yōu)檐婈?duì)制造槍支、坦克、飛機(jī)、軍艦都要用到鋼鐵。美國鋼鐵公司應(yīng)該繼續(xù)掌握在美國手中，不能讓日本剝奪我們制造鋼鐵的能力，因?yàn)槊绹姽?fù)合體需要鋼鐵來制造武器。

@いりた-r3i
no, it's not. Do you know how many U.S. forces are placed in Japan?
Japan sees america as the most crucial partner to fight against China, Russia, North Korea. What in the world Japan suddenly cause a national security issue on USA?

不會(huì)的，你知道日本有多少美國駐軍嗎？日本將美國視為對抗中國、俄羅斯、朝鮮的重要伙伴，日本怎么會(huì)突然給美國帶來國家安全問題？

@TheGor54
Now you sound like a California Democrat. Completely disconnected with the real world.

你說這話好像是加州民主黨人，與現(xiàn)實(shí)世界完全脫節(jié)了。

@Theproteinman
that's funny considering that I'm actually a registered republican and not a democrat. I'm actually not disconnected with the world I'm just stating a fact that US steel should remain in American control rather than Japanese control.

真有意思，我可不是民主黨人，而是登記在冊的共和黨人。我也沒有與世界脫節(jié)，而只是在陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)，即美國鋼鐵公司應(yīng)該繼續(xù)掌握在美國手中，而不是日本手中。

@vivliforia2262
Japan has some agreements with China, you know. Japan probably has two faces here.

你要知道，日本與中國之間有多項(xiàng)協(xié)議，日本在這方面可能是個(gè)兩面派。

@Dan-el4mz
America has some agreements with China too. that doesn’t really mean much

美國與中國之間也有多項(xiàng)協(xié)議，意義真的不大。

@Theproteinman
we Americans have no military agreements or treaties with China

我們美國沒有與中國簽訂軍事協(xié)議或條約。

@jogana6909
I think Biden did the right thing this time. The United States needs its own steel company and cannot sell them all to Japan. It is also easy for the White House to subsidize US Steel, and it doesn't need a lot of money.

我認(rèn)為拜登這次做得對。美國需要有自己的鋼鐵企業(yè)，不能全部賣給日本。白宮補(bǔ)貼美國鋼鐵也容易，不需要太多資金。

@MalcolmRose-l3b
US Steel is just one of many companies making steel in the US with a market share of 8.35% in 2024 - that's a market share that is shrinking, by the way. It's failure to invest in more modern technology and specialist steel processes is why it has lost market share to other US rivals, principally Nucor - US Steel only makes basic steels (and it doesn't do that well). At a time when the US government is running a huge budget deficit why should the government subsidize a failing company just because it has "US" in it's name? Especially when there's an investor willing to relieve them of the burden and invest in the US economy to boot. Perhaps the question you should ask is why hasn't the US Steel management invested in their outdated mills over the last few decades?

美國鋼鐵公司只是眾多美國鋼鐵企業(yè)之一，2024年的市場份額占8.35%——對了，這一數(shù)字仍在不斷萎縮。公司沒有對現(xiàn)代化技術(shù)和專業(yè)的鋼鐵生產(chǎn)工藝進(jìn)行投資，因此它的市場份額流向了以紐柯鋼鐵為首的美國競爭對手——美國鋼鐵公司只生產(chǎn)基礎(chǔ)鋼材（但質(zhì)量差）。美國政府當(dāng)前正面臨巨額預(yù)算赤字，為什么應(yīng)該補(bǔ)貼這家瀕臨倒閉的企業(yè)？難道只是因?yàn)樗拿Q冠以“美國”字樣？尤其是在投資者愿意為企業(yè)減輕負(fù)擔(dān)并投資美國經(jīng)濟(jì)的情況下。也許你應(yīng)該問的是，為什么美國鋼鐵公司的管理層幾十年來從未投資他們落后的鋼鐵廠？
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@indoman8887
How can the Japanese owners of a company located in America, deny anything produced by that company in that country to the country. If it is a national security issue, I would suggest the US army would be driving a tank through the factory gate within hours. The factory could be nationalized in hours and work carried out as normal.

作為一家總部位于美國的企業(yè)，它的日本業(yè)主怎么可能不讓這家企業(yè)向美國提供產(chǎn)品？如果存在國家安全問題，我建議美軍幾小時(shí)內(nèi)開著坦克沖入工廠大門，幾個(gè)小時(shí)就能把工廠收歸國有，讓生產(chǎn)恢復(fù)正常。

@Flynbourne
exactly. Perfectly said. If we were in conflict with the Japanese, what are they going to do? Put their own army in the steel plant. The US govt is sovereign and can basically do whatever they want with assets based in the country

完全正確，說得太好了。如果我們與日本發(fā)生沖突，他們會(huì)怎么做？將日軍部署在鋼鐵廠里。美國是主權(quán)國家，可以利用本國資產(chǎn)隨心所欲地采取行動(dòng)。

@learningtobefilipino8606
we aren't obligated to sell our companies to any foreign power.

我們沒有義務(wù)將企業(yè)賣給外國勢力。

@vivliforia2262
Every country has right to protect and defend their own critical industries. Since China already has Chinese port in Peru, USA needs to protect American critical industries from being taken over by other countries. China is already on the American continent. Let's see how Trump will react to that. Instead of taking over American companies, Japan needs to boost up Japanese population. Make young Japanese migrate to Japanese villages. The cost of living in villages is averagely lower than the cost of living in cities/towns.

每個(gè)國家都有權(quán)利保護(hù)和捍衛(wèi)本國的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)。中國已經(jīng)控制了秘魯?shù)母劭冢悦绹乐怪еa(chǎn)業(yè)落入外國之手。中國已經(jīng)染指了美洲大陸，看看特朗普將如何加以應(yīng)對。日本應(yīng)該增加人口數(shù)量，而不是收購美國企業(yè)，讓日本年輕人移居到農(nóng)村，那里的生活成本普遍低于城鎮(zhèn)的生活成本。

@takosdon7754
Do you know the current status of us steel? they don't have the technical capability to supply such high quality steel on their own. They asked nippon steel for help because their performance is declining despite tax cuts and other support they have already received. now that the deal is off the table, us steel is likely to become a zombie company with even more government money pouring into it. This will lead to the mass production of poor quality military weapons.

你了解美國鋼鐵公司的現(xiàn)狀嗎？他們不具備獨(dú)立生產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼材的技術(shù)能力。盡管該公司享受著減稅和其他扶持政策，但由于業(yè)績持續(xù)下滑，仍然向新日鐵尋求幫助。現(xiàn)在交易取消了，美國鋼鐵公司可能變成一家需要政府不斷注入資金的僵尸企業(yè)，這將導(dǎo)致大量的劣質(zhì)軍事武器被生產(chǎn)出來。

@whereishe1565
in the first place, if the us government had given enough support to us steel, nippon steel wouldn’t have had to do this. And now it’s not allowing nippon steel to help them out. It’s so funny

首先，如果美國政府給予美國鋼鐵公司足夠的援助，新日鐵就沒必要收購它。美國政府現(xiàn)在不允許新日鐵幫助該公司走出困境，這太可笑了。

@Lai-peter
business transaction is about profit, not about help

商業(yè)交易是為了牟利，而不是為了提供幫助。

@andi_Lee
Only the ownership will be in Japanese hand, everything else will still be in US, including actual manufacturing by American managers, & workers

只是企業(yè)所有權(quán)歸日本所有，其他一切事務(wù)仍由美國說了算，包括實(shí)際生產(chǎn)控制在美國管理人員和工人的手中。

@Flynbourne
no the Japanese cannot just shut the plant as a weapon of conflict. In a time of conflict (which seems unlikely with Japan) the US is sovereign and can ultimately just take back the plant if it ever got to that. The Japanese couldn’t force the plant to be shuttered if the US government wishes to keep it open.

關(guān)閉工廠不可能成為日本的戰(zhàn)時(shí)武器。當(dāng)發(fā)生沖突時(shí)（與日本似乎不太可能）
美國作為主權(quán)國家可以收回工廠。如果美國政府希望工廠開工，日本就無法迫使工廠停工。

@antoinepageau8336
You’re 100% right. The only difference would be that profits (if any) could leave the country. I suspect there’ll be a $3B plan to modernize US Steel, this time funded by tax payers ?♂?

你說的完全正確，唯一的區(qū)別是企業(yè)利潤（如果有的話）會(huì)流向國外。我懷疑會(huì)有一個(gè)30億美元的計(jì)劃來實(shí)現(xiàn)美國鋼鐵公司的現(xiàn)代化，這回由納稅人出錢。

@Dan-el4mz
profits go to the shareholders/ceos they don’t go to the U.S. or Japan. the US doesn’t own US steel it is not a state owned company it is privately owned just like Nippon is. The U.S. doesn’t get any of US steels profits the only money the U.S. gets is through taxes that the company pays.

利潤會(huì)流向股東或首席執(zhí)行官，而不是美國或日本。美國鋼鐵不歸美國所有，因?yàn)樗皇菄?，而是像新日鐵一樣的私企。美國不索取美國鋼鐵的利潤，它唯一的收入是企業(yè)納稅。

And if Nippon bought US Steel and made it competitive and profitable again the U.S. would actually make more money off of it through taxes as well as no longer having to subsidize a failing company to keep it afloat. But knowing our leadership you’re probably right we’ll act like we’re reviving American steel manufacturing by throwing billions of dollars at it but as usual nothing will come of it

如果新日鐵收購了美國鋼鐵，使其恢復(fù)競爭力和盈利能力，美國可以通過征稅從美國鋼鐵身上賺到更多的錢，也不需要再補(bǔ)貼一家瀕臨倒閉的企業(yè)以維持其生存了。但基于對我們領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的了解，你也許說得沒錯(cuò)，我們可能會(huì)投入數(shù)十億美元來恢復(fù)美國鋼鐵公司的生產(chǎn)能力，但會(huì)像以往那樣徒勞無功。

拜登美鋼日本美國

很贊 ( 7 )