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Julian M.
Simply put, register a company.
There are a few important aspects that I will address here.
A company in China does not require a foreign registered company to register. You can register with your passport. It depends on your business plan as to which method would be appropriate. For those that are considering companies that will raise money for example, this will be better with a foreign registered company, but if you are just building your business yourself or have a small business then your passport is fine.

簡而言之，注冊(cè)一家公司需要考慮以下幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)：
在中國，你不需要通過外國公司來注冊(cè)，直接用護(hù)照就可以。選擇哪種方式取決于你的商業(yè)計(jì)劃。如果你計(jì)劃融資，可能需要一個(gè)外國公司；但如果是自己創(chuàng)業(yè)或小規(guī)模業(yè)務(wù)，護(hù)照就足夠了。

The city which you register is important because of work permit and residence permit regulations. You cannot have a company in one city assist you with working and living in another city.
Unless in some special situations, the capital contribution is “registered capital” and not “paid capital.” This is kind of like a promissory note in that you will pay the capital during the time of the business’ operations.

選擇在哪個(gè)城市注冊(cè)公司是很重要的，因?yàn)樗P(guān)系到工作許可和居住許可的規(guī)定。你不能在一個(gè)城市注冊(cè)公司，卻在另一個(gè)城市工作和居住。
通常情況下，你需要提供的是“注冊(cè)資本”而非“實(shí)繳資本”，這有點(diǎn)像是一個(gè)承諾，意味著你將在公司運(yùn)營過程中投入資金。

Having a Chinese partner for some businesses or industries is required, but for many that a foreigner will start is not required. Also, if you have a Chinese partner it is important for you to ensure you are properly legal on the business licenses, too. Many foreigners got taken advantage of because they had no legal control over their own business.
Some industries have specific requirements to meet for special licensing and the licenses does not guarantee you will be successful. It only guarantees the right to engage in the area of business mentioned.

對(duì)于某些業(yè)務(wù)或行業(yè)，找個(gè)中國合作伙伴是必需的，但對(duì)于大多數(shù)外國人創(chuàng)業(yè)的項(xiàng)目來說，這不是強(qiáng)制要求。如果你有中國合作伙伴，確保你在法律上對(duì)業(yè)務(wù)有足夠的控制權(quán)也很重要，以免被利用。
一些行業(yè)需要特殊的許可，但這些許可并不保證你的業(yè)務(wù)取得成功，它們只賦予你從事特定業(yè)務(wù)的權(quán)利。
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A work permit and a residence permit is not a guarantee if you start a business in China. For those that do not meet the qualifications for a work permit and a residence permit, this needs to be considered. In addition, work with a business visa (which is meant for meetings, conference, factory visits, etc) is illegal whether you started a company or work for someone else.

在中國創(chuàng)業(yè)并不自動(dòng)意味著你能獲得工作許可和居住許可。如果你不符合這些許可的資格，這將是一個(gè)需要考慮的問題。此外，無論你是自己開公司還是為別人打工，持有商務(wù)簽證（用于開會(huì)、參觀工廠等）都是非法的。

These days there is the only possible benefit for purchasing a company second hand is if you can work in an industry that the government is no longer providing the licenses for. Other than that the risk is too high because you would be responsible for the company’s prior activity. In addition, currently the processing time is not very different if you purchase a company secondhand and the costs are much higher because the prior founder will want to be paid, too. You can review my lixedIn article about this subject: Should I register a company in Mainland China or Hong Kong if I am doing business in Mainland China?
Unlike in other countries, you cannot close a company by not paying the annual running costs. You are responsible for properly shutting down a company if you plan to no longer use it.

如今，收購二手公司的唯一好處可能是你能進(jìn)入政府不再發(fā)放許可證的行業(yè)。但這樣做風(fēng)險(xiǎn)很高，因?yàn)槟銓?duì)公司過去的活動(dòng)負(fù)責(zé)。此外，如果你購買一家二手公司，目前的處理時(shí)間與注冊(cè)新公司相比，并沒有太大的不同，而且成本要高得多，因?yàn)橹暗膭?chuàng)始人也希望得到報(bào)酬。你可以看看我在領(lǐng)英上關(guān)于這個(gè)主題的文章：如果我在中國大陸做生意，我應(yīng)該在中國大陸還是在香港（特區(qū)）注冊(cè)公司？
與其他國家不同，你不能簡單地通過不支付年度運(yùn)營成本來關(guān)閉公司。如果你決定不再使用公司，你有責(zé)任正確地注銷它。

Some foreigners were taken advantage of by agents because they either charged a low starting price and high annual costs or they charged their fees but did not include some necessary related services. It is important to know the detailed processes so that you know if someone is offering a good deal or not.
A Hong Kong registered company is indeed the same as a foreign company. Hong Kong companies do not have the right to employ people in Mainland China.

有些外國人被中介欺騙，因?yàn)檫@些中介要么一開始收取很低的費(fèi)用，但隨后每年收取高昂的費(fèi)用；要么他們收費(fèi)時(shí)并沒有包含一些必要的相關(guān)服務(wù)。因此，了解整個(gè)流程的細(xì)節(jié)非常重要，這樣你才能分辨出別人提供的是否是一個(gè)真正劃算的交易。
注冊(cè)在香港（特區(qū)）的公司實(shí)際上被視為外國公司。這些公司沒有權(quán)利在中國大陸直接雇傭員工。

Having a Chinese company is not necessarily a solution for a work permit and residence permit only. The company cannot remain dormant. There will need to be activity and your company because it will employ at least one foreigner is subject to annual inspections. If you work with multiple companies, then the contracts would need to be with your company and your company would need to be paid from the work provided. In addition, foreigners cannot legally freelance in China. No visa supports this.

擁有一家中國公司并不自動(dòng)解決工作許可和居住許可的問題。公司不能沒有業(yè)務(wù)活動(dòng)，必須保持運(yùn)營。特別是，如果你的公司至少雇傭了一名外國人，那么它將受到年度檢查。如果你與多家公司合作，那么這些合作的合同需要與你自己的公司簽訂，并且你的公司需要從這些合作中獲得報(bào)酬。另外，外國人在中國不能合法地從事自由職業(yè)，沒有簽證允許這樣做。

The binding language of agreements in China is Chinese. Unless some unique situation, for example, if both parties are foreigners, and the agreements specify otherwise, then Chinese is assumed.
I think that I have addressed the key points for this topic. Please comment or message me with specific questions or concerns.

在中國，合同的官方語言是中文。除非有特殊情況，比如合同雙方都是外國人，并且合同中特別指明使用其他語言，否則默認(rèn)使用中文。
我認(rèn)為我已經(jīng)覆蓋了這個(gè)話題的所有關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。如果你有任何具體的問題或擔(dān)憂，請(qǐng)隨時(shí)評(píng)論或私信我。

Alex Phillips
Before setting out on the journey of China market entry, I’d suggest you to take some time and ask yourself the one fundamental question: What’s the hook? - What is the compelling reason why your product or service would sell in China? Not every product, or every company, is suitable, or ready, for the Chinese market.
For anyone without a clear case to do business in China, my personal advice is: Don’t come. China has an ability to instil a unique fever in people, a myth as old as business in China itself - the seductive thought that “if only 1 in a 1000 Chinese bought my product, I’d be rich”. This thought alone has caused many a Western business leader, from titans of industry, to countless hapless entrepreneurs, a painful bloody nose in China. Remember Uber? Ouch.

在你決定進(jìn)軍中國市場之前，我建議你先花點(diǎn)時(shí)間，捫心自問一個(gè)基本問題：亮點(diǎn)是什么？——你的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)在中國市場上銷售的吸引力在哪里？并不是所有的產(chǎn)品或公司都適合或已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好進(jìn)入中國市場。
對(duì)于那些沒有明確理由在中國開展業(yè)務(wù)的人來說，我的個(gè)人建議是：不要貿(mào)然進(jìn)入。中國有一種獨(dú)特的魅力，能夠在人們心中點(diǎn)燃一種激情，這種激情伴隨著在中國經(jīng)商的歷史，源遠(yuǎn)流長——那就是這樣一個(gè)誘人的念頭：“哪怕只有千分之一的中國人買我的產(chǎn)品，我也能賺大錢”。這種幻想已經(jīng)讓許多西方商業(yè)領(lǐng)袖，從行業(yè)巨頭到無數(shù)不幸的創(chuàng)業(yè)者，在中國市場上碰得頭破血流。還記得優(yōu)步嗎？那是一個(gè)痛苦的教訓(xùn)。

China is the largest market on the planet for many goods and services, but it is similarly a giant of production - there is no shortage of goods and services for Chinese consumers to choose from. One of my favourite sayings regarding the China market is:
“China is a market larger than you can possibly imagine. China is also a market more competitive that you can possibly envisage.”
There has to be a good case for going before taking this step.
Feel free to contact me if you want more insights about the Chinese market!

中國是許多商品和服務(wù)的最大市場，但同時(shí)也是一個(gè)巨大的生產(chǎn)國——中國消費(fèi)者面對(duì)的商品和服務(wù)選擇非常豐富。關(guān)于中國市場，我有一個(gè)最喜歡的說法：
“中國市場之大，超出你的想象。中國市場的競爭之激烈，也超出你的預(yù)期?！?br /> 在決定進(jìn)入中國市場之前，你必須有一個(gè)充分的理由。
如果您想了解更多關(guān)于中國市場的信息，請(qǐng)隨時(shí)聯(lián)系我！
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Casey xiao-Morris
There are common 5 strategies that foreign companies use to do business in China. The one that suits you has to meet the following criteria:
1. your financial resources
2. your business model for China
3. How to compete and sustain
4. short term and long term goals
5. your product

外國公司在中國開展業(yè)務(wù)通常采用五種常見策略。適合您的策略需要滿足以下標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：
您的財(cái)務(wù)資源
您在中國的商業(yè)模式
如何競爭和維持
短期和長期目標(biāo)
您的產(chǎn)品

Quickly, the 5 strategies I mentioned include: 1. set up representative office, 2. work with 3rd party sales agent, distributors, 3. manage remotely ( feasible for online business), 4. set up your own operations ( WFOE, Wholly Foreign-Owned Enterprise) and 5. operate under a 3rd party WFOE.

我簡要提到的五種策略包括：
設(shè)立代表處
與第三方銷售代理或分銷商合作
遠(yuǎn)程管理（適用于在線業(yè)務(wù)）
自行設(shè)立運(yùn)營機(jī)構(gòu)（WFOE，即全外資企業(yè)）
在第三方WFOE下運(yùn)營。

Benny Xu
To start a business, I believe the first step is to register a Company in China, so following I will introduce how you register a comapany in China:
The following is overall relevant documents and materials on the actual experience of foreign investment registration services.
Requirements for the establishment of foreign investment

我認(rèn)為創(chuàng)業(yè)的第一步是在中國注冊(cè)公司，所以下面我將介紹如何在中國注冊(cè)公司：
以下是有關(guān)外商投資登記服務(wù)實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)的相關(guān)文件資料。
外商投資設(shè)立條件

(1)At least five alternative names for your new company
(2)The business scope of the new company
(3) Scanned copy of legal representative, supervisor and all shareholders’ passports.(Each page should be clearly identifiable, including the most recent entry and exit record page) (Original or translated version might need to be submitted
afterward if required)
(4) Copy of legal representative, supervisor and all shareholders’ business cards
(Information including : office number , mobile phone number ,e-mail)
Note: A council of directors is to be created for companies having two and more shareholders. Their information shall be needed too, following the aforementioned requirements.

為你的新公司至少準(zhǔn)備5個(gè)備選名稱
新公司的經(jīng)營范圍
法定代表人、監(jiān)事和所有股東的護(hù)照掃描件（每一頁都需清晰可辨，包括最新的出入境記錄頁；如果需要，可能還要提交原件或翻譯件）
法定代表人、監(jiān)事和所有股東的名片復(fù)印件（包括辦公室電話、手機(jī)號(hào)碼、電子郵件）注意：如果公司有兩個(gè)或以上股東，需要設(shè)立董事會(huì)，并按照上述要求提供董事會(huì)成員的信息。

(5)Shareholding ratio and shareholding structure chart
In quality of incorporated unit (pre-existing company)
The following additional documents are to be provided :
(6) Copy of Certificate of Incorporation

股權(quán)比例和股權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)圖
如果是以現(xiàn)有公司的身份注冊(cè)：
需要提供以下額外文件：
6. 公司注冊(cè)證書復(fù)印件
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(7) Copy of Notarized & Certified Certificate of Incorporation by relevant authorities
(8) Copy of the notarized and legalized Bank Credibility Letter and bank flow
statement of the current company
(9) Other relevant materials for the company registration of particular field

7. 經(jīng)相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)公證認(rèn)證的公司注冊(cè)證書復(fù)印件
8. 公司當(dāng)前的銀行信用證明和銀行對(duì)賬單的公證及認(rèn)證副本。
9. 特定領(lǐng)域公司注冊(cè)所需的其他相關(guān)材料

Kobon International Business Limited
You can start by registering your business in China. Picks up a city in China in which you want to start your business. If you aim for the capitol then register your business in Beijing. If you aim for financial related industry, Shanghai would be your city to register. If you aim for a technology-related industry, then Shenzhen would be suitable for you to register your business. If you aim for trading, many industrial and factories located in Guangzhou.
After decided the city, you can start to prepare the documents necessary to register your business. In general, here are what it takes:

你可以從在中國注冊(cè)你的公司開始。選擇一個(gè)你想要開展業(yè)務(wù)的中國城市。如果你的目標(biāo)是首都，那么在北京注冊(cè)你的企業(yè)。如果你的目標(biāo)是金融行業(yè)，上海會(huì)是注冊(cè)公司的好選擇。如果你關(guān)注的是技術(shù)行業(yè)，深圳將是一個(gè)適合注冊(cè)的地方。如果你的目標(biāo)是貿(mào)易，許多工業(yè)和工廠都集中在廣州。
確定了城市后，你可以開始準(zhǔn)備注冊(cè)企業(yè)所需的文件。一般來說，需要以下文件：

Identity Documents of all shareholders (Passport in this case)
The Company name (City + Brand + Industry + Limited)
Registered Capital (Minimum is 1 yuan, no capital verification)
Shares distribution (If it is not sole-proprietorship then need a proportion distribution of all shareholders)

所有股東的身份證明文件（在這種情況下是護(hù)照）
公司名稱（通常格式為：城市+品牌+行業(yè)+有限公司）
注冊(cè)資本（最低限額為1元人民幣，無需資本驗(yàn)證）
股份分配（如果不是獨(dú)資企業(yè)，則需要所有股東的股份比例分配）

Clear Business Scope (For trading company needs to define what specifically the goods are projected to be exported/imported)
Registration address (Office lease contract)
The registration process will take about 7 working days.
You can also ask an agent to do the company registration for you,

明確的業(yè)務(wù)范圍（對(duì)于貿(mào)易公司來說，需要明確指出計(jì)劃出口/進(jìn)口的具體商品）
注冊(cè)地址（辦公室租賃合同）
注冊(cè)過程大約需要7個(gè)工作日。
你也可以委托代理機(jī)構(gòu)幫你完成公司注冊(cè)。

Jim Spear
Use an offshore entity you own to make the investment in a wholly foreign-owned enterprise (WFOE). Don’t use a Chinese friend or relative to front for you. I have set up quite a few companies in China, including jv’s, WFOE’s, and Chinese-invested entities. I think that now foreigners have “national treatment” it’s actually harder than earlier when the country needed investment funds and technology more than today. Still, even with a slightly lower growth rate than before, China is still BOOMING. Small business has a hard time of it here — like anywhere else, I guess. But if you have a good business model and are prepared to be flexible and figure out how to roll with the many punches you can expect, by all means, invest and prosper.

使用你自己擁有的海外實(shí)體來投資設(shè)立一個(gè)全外資企業(yè)（WFOE）。不要通過中國朋友或親戚來代理。我在中國設(shè)立了幾家公司，包括合資企業(yè)、WFOE和中國投資實(shí)體。我認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在外國人享有“國民待遇”，實(shí)際上比過去更難了，因?yàn)橹袊F(xiàn)在對(duì)資金和技術(shù)的需求不如以前那么迫切。盡管如此，即使經(jīng)濟(jì)增長率有所下降，中國依然在迅速發(fā)展。小企業(yè)在這里同樣面臨挑戰(zhàn)——我想，這在任何地方都是一樣的。如果你有一個(gè)出色的商業(yè)模式，并且準(zhǔn)備好了靈活適應(yīng)和應(yīng)對(duì)可能面臨的各種挑戰(zhàn)，那么請(qǐng)大膽投資，祝你生意興隆。

Fabian Knopf
Let me qualify Gary's answer a bit. Foreigns can directly register a legal entity (company is a bit of an ambiguous term here) in China. For a representative office (RO), a corporate sponsor is necessary and has to have a term of operation of at least two years. There may be requirements for specific industries and business activities that require a corporate investor, but I would state that as a general requirement. There are however different tax treatments for individual and corporate investors for dividends.

我來對(duì)Gary的回答進(jìn)行一些澄清。外國人可以直接在中國注冊(cè)一個(gè)法律實(shí)體——在這里，“公司”這個(gè)詞可能有些模糊。如果是為了設(shè)立代表處（RO），就需要有一個(gè)企業(yè)贊助商，并且這個(gè)贊助商至少需要有兩年的經(jīng)營歷史。對(duì)于某些特定行業(yè)和商業(yè)活動(dòng)，可能需要一個(gè)企業(yè)投資者，但我將這視為一個(gè)普遍要求。不過，對(duì)于個(gè)人和企業(yè)投資者來說，股息的稅收政策是不同的。

Staying with the cookie-cutting, before you register an RO or an entity (an RO is not its own legal entity) in China, make sure you actually have a business. Business here refers to customers and a steady stream of revenues. There's no value in having a empty legal structure with lots of regular and irregular compliance requirements.

遵循標(biāo)準(zhǔn)流程，在您在中國注冊(cè)代表處（RO）或任何實(shí)體（請(qǐng)注意，RO本身并不構(gòu)成一個(gè)獨(dú)立的法律實(shí)體）之前，請(qǐng)確保您確實(shí)擁有實(shí)際運(yùn)營的業(yè)務(wù)。這里的“業(yè)務(wù)”指的是擁有客戶基礎(chǔ)和持續(xù)的收入來源。僅僅擁有一個(gè)空殼的法律結(jié)構(gòu)，卻要應(yīng)對(duì)頻繁和不定期的合規(guī)要求，是毫無意義的。
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Becki Lee
I have a few friends who have practiced their pitches, shared failures, and successes, as well as insider tips with me so I will share some of the missed points that other answers haven’t really touched on.
Cram some business Chinese phrases or at least a proper introduction before venturing further. Not only is it common curtesy to speak a little during initial greetings but aim to impress and build a foundation for a good, trusting relationship. Anything more will be a bonus and will ensure no one can take advantage of you during meetings where some finer details might be discussed between Chinese business partners.

我有幾個(gè)朋友，他們和我一起練習(xí)演講、分享失敗與成功的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，還給了我一些內(nèi)部建議。因此，我會(huì)分享一些其他答案可能沒有提到的要點(diǎn)。
在深入商業(yè)活動(dòng)之前，先學(xué)一些商務(wù)漢語短語或者至少準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)合適的自我介紹。這不僅是出于禮貌，在初次見面時(shí)說幾句漢語，而且能夠給對(duì)方留下深刻印象，為建立良好的信任關(guān)系打下基礎(chǔ)。如果還能說更多，那將是額外的優(yōu)勢，確保在與中國商業(yè)伙伴討論細(xì)節(jié)時(shí)，沒有人會(huì)利用你。
Think futuristically since China is developing so fast. You must implement strategy where big data technology connects and optimizes offline outlets and online stores to enhance customer experiences. This is an inevitable trend of social development and it is sure to spark new waves of innovation. We have unmanned retail stores now. Imagine scanning a “二維碼 (èrwéimǎ) QR code” on Wechat or Alipay at the entrance of the store where cameras track patrons for facial recognition which prompts the doors to open for you, you scan your items which are billed electronically, then you are able to leave. Things are moving online. Think e-commerce and especially a service focused business. The latter of the two are harder for Chinese companies to replicate.
要以前瞻性的思維來看待問題，因?yàn)橹袊陌l(fā)展速度非常迅猛。你必須采取策略，利用大數(shù)據(jù)技術(shù)來連接和優(yōu)化線下門店與在線商店，以此提升顧客體驗(yàn)。這是社會(huì)發(fā)展的必然趨勢，也必將引發(fā)新的創(chuàng)新浪潮。我們已經(jīng)擁有了無人零售店。設(shè)想一下，在商店入口處，你只需掃描微信或支付寶上的二維碼，攝像頭會(huì)通過面部識(shí)別技術(shù)來識(shí)別顧客，然后自動(dòng)為你開門，你掃描商品后，賬單會(huì)電子化處理，之后你就可以直接離開。一切都在向線上轉(zhuǎn)移?？紤]電子商務(wù)，尤其是以服務(wù)為核心的商業(yè)模式。在這兩種模式中，以服務(wù)為核心的業(yè)務(wù)更難以被中國公司復(fù)制。

3. Build relationships by understanding Chinese culture.

Don’t underestimate the power of 關(guān)系 Guanxi (relationship) between you, your customers, and business partners. It comes from Confucianism, and the philosophy that one should associate one’s self with others in a hierarchical way, to maintain social order. The foundation of “關(guān)系 (guānxi) Guanxi” is trust, reciprocity and following through on mutual obligations. In its most basic form, Guanxi is used to describe the simple connection between two people, the connection that you use to perform a favor for that person, or for them to perform a favor for you. It’s essentially your “standing” with another person. Guanxi also addresses that network of contacts you have to call upon when you really need something.
通過深入了解中國文化來建立人際關(guān)系。
千萬不要小看了“關(guān)系”的力量，它在你、你的客戶和商業(yè)伙伴之間扮演著重要角色。這種關(guān)系觀念源自儒家思想，強(qiáng)調(diào)人們應(yīng)該以一種等級(jí)化的方式與他人建立聯(lián)系，以此來保持社會(huì)秩序?！瓣P(guān)系”的核心是信任、互惠以及履行相互之間的義務(wù)。在最基本的層面上，“關(guān)系”描述的是兩個(gè)人之間的聯(lián)系，這種聯(lián)系讓你能夠?yàn)閷?duì)方做一些事情，或者對(duì)方為你做一些事情。它本質(zhì)上代表了你與他人之間的“關(guān)系地位”。此外，“關(guān)系”還指你在真正需要幫助時(shí)可以依靠的人際網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
Understand 人情 (rénqíng) – human feelings; human relationship; favor; gift. This concept plays an important part in Chinese society. It points to displays of affection and emotion, people’s sense, worldly affairs, friendly sentiments and sensitivity to other’s feelings. In a more practical usage, it points to the benefits and connections that come from person-to-person interaction. Remember that you should always repay 人情 (rénqíng). It is never a good thing to just receive it and do nothing for the person in return. You could easily lose friends or business associates this way.
理解“人情”——這個(gè)詞匯涵蓋了人與人之間的情感交流、人際關(guān)系、互相間的恩惠以及禮物。在中國社會(huì)中，這個(gè)概念非常重要，它涉及到情感的表達(dá)、對(duì)他人感受的理解和關(guān)懷，以及在世俗事務(wù)中的友好互動(dòng)。在實(shí)際操作中，它還指個(gè)人交往中形成的利益和聯(lián)系。請(qǐng)記住，對(duì)于收到的“人情”，你總是需要回報(bào)的。如果你只是接受而不給予回報(bào)，這可不是一件好事。這樣做可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致你失去朋友或業(yè)務(wù)伙伴。

外國人如何在中國創(chuàng)業(yè)？（下）